smalt

Smalt, a historical blue pigment made from cobalt and potassium glass, was widely used by old masters, including Rembrandt. Over time, smalt is prone to degradation, shifting from vibrant blue to grey-yellow due to potassium leaching. This degradation affects both the color and structural integrity of the paint. Studies show that higher potassium content and controlled humidity can mitigate these effects. By understanding smalt's chemistry and applying preventive measures, artists and conservators can preserve the pigment's brilliance in artworks for future generations. This review provides insights into smalt’s history, its use in masterpieces, and modern preservation techniques...